| River System | Origin State(s) | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Ganga | Uttarakhand | Originating from the Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas, the Ganga is one of India’s holiest rivers and plays a significant role in Hindu mythology and culture. It flows through several states, including Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal, before draining into the Bay of Bengal. |
| Yamuna | Uttarakhand, H.P. | The Yamuna originates from the Yamunotri Glacier in Uttarakhand and flows through states like Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi before joining the Ganga at Prayagraj. It is considered sacred in Hinduism and is associated with the deity Yamuna. |
| Brahmaputra | Tibet, Assam | Originating in Tibet, the Brahmaputra traverses through Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, and Bangladesh. It is one of the major rivers in the world and supports a diverse ecosystem. In India, it is known as the lifeline of Assam and is vital for irrigation, transportation, and hydropower generation. |
| Godavari | Maharashtra, A.P. | The Godavari originates in Maharashtra’s Trimbak district and flows through several states, including Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha, before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. It is the second-longest river in India and plays a crucial role in the region’s agriculture and economy. |
| Krishna | Maharashtra | The Krishna River originates from the Western Ghats in Maharashtra and flows through Karnataka, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh before draining into the Bay of Bengal. It is significant for irrigation, hydropower generation, and is revered in Hindu mythology. |
| Narmada | Madhya Pradesh | Originating from the Amarkantak Plateau in Madhya Pradesh, the Narmada River flows westward through Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat before emptying into the Arabian Sea. It is known for its scenic beauty, marble rocks, and religious significance. |
| Tapti | M.P., M.H. | The Tapti River originates in the Satpura Range of Madhya Pradesh and flows through Maharashtra and Gujarat before draining into the Arabian Sea. It is a major tributary of the Arabian Sea and supports agriculture and wildlife in the region. |
| Mahanadi | Chhattisgarh, O. | Originating in Chhattisgarh, the Mahanadi River flows through Odisha before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. It is essential for irrigation, hydropower generation, and supports diverse flora and fauna along its banks. |
| Kaveri | Karnataka | The Kaveri River originates from the Brahmagiri Hills in Karnataka and flows through Tamil Nadu and Puducherry before draining into the Bay of Bengal. It is revered as a sacred river and is vital for agriculture, irrigation, and hydroelectric power generation. |
| Indus | Tibet, J&K | The Indus River originates in Tibet and flows through the Jammu and Kashmir region of India before entering Pakistan, where it eventually drains into the Arabian Sea. It is one of the longest rivers in Asia and has historically been important for the civilizations that developed along its banks. |
| Tungabhadra | Karnataka | The Tungabhadra River is formed by the confluence of the Tunga and Bhadra rivers in the Western Ghats of Karnataka. It flows through the Deccan Plateau and joins the Krishna River in Andhra Pradesh. The river is vital for irrigation, especially in the region of the Tungabhadra Dam. |
| Betwa | Madhya Pradesh | The Betwa River originates in the Vindhya Range of Madhya Pradesh and flows through Uttar Pradesh before joining the Yamuna River. It is known for its scenic beauty and historical significance, with several historical sites and monuments located along its banks, including the Orchha Fort complex. |
| Ghaggar-Hakra | Himachal Pradesh, Punjab | The Ghaggar-Hakra River is an ancient river system believed to have originated in the Siwalik Hills of Himachal Pradesh and flowed through Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan before eventually drying up. It is associated with the Indus Valley Civilization and played a significant role in the region’s ancient history. |
| Sabarmati | Gujarat | The Sabarmati River originates in the Aravalli Range of Rajasthan and flows through Gujarat before emptying into the Gulf of Khambhat in the Arabian Sea. It is best known for the Sabarmati Ashram, associated with Mahatma Gandhi, and the Sabarmati Riverfront in Ahmedabad, a popular recreational and cultural area. |
| Luni | Rajasthan | The Luni River, also known as the Lavanavari River, originates in the Aravalli Range of Rajasthan and flows through the Thar Desert before disappearing into the Rann of Kutch in Gujarat. It is one of the few rivers in Rajasthan and plays a crucial role in the region’s agriculture and supporting local wildlife. |
| Beas | Himachal Pradesh, Punjab | The Beas River originates in the Himalayas of Himachal Pradesh and flows through Punjab before joining the Sutlej River in Pakistan. It is a significant tributary of the Indus River and is known for its scenic beauty, especially in the Kullu Valley of Himachal Pradesh. |
| Sutlej | Tibet, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab | The Sutlej River originates in Tibet and enters India in Himachal Pradesh, where it flows through the state before entering Punjab and eventually joining the Indus River in Pakistan. It is one of the five rivers of the Punjab region and has been harnessed for hydropower generation and irrigation. |
| Ravi | Himachal Pradesh, Punjab | The Ravi River originates in the Himalayas of Himachal Pradesh and flows through the Indian state of Punjab before entering Pakistan, where it eventually joins the Chenab River. It is one of the five rivers of the Punjab region and is known for its role in the ancient Vedic civilization and as a source of irrigation and hydroelectric power. |
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