About Jammu and Kashmir

Jammu and Kashmir
Capital	Srinagar (Summer) Jammu (Winter)
Formed on	Admitted to India on 26 October 1947
Districts	22
Official Language	Urdu
Known as/for	Heaven of India India’s northern-most state The largest producer of saffron in India
Physical Characteristics	Kashmir or the Jhelum valley lies between the Pir Panjal Range and Zanskar Range Comprises of three regions: The foothill plains of Jammu The lakes and blue valleys of Kashmir rising to alpine passes The high altitude plains & starkly beautiful mountains of Ladakh which lies beyond narrow passes Home to several Himalayan glaciers.
Natural Vegetation	Cold desert in the north-east which converts to Himalayan moist temperate through the alpine and sub-alpine vegetation when gradually moving to the south and south-west
Major Rivers	Indus flowing from Tibetan plateau & Gar Tsangpo to the Arabian Sea & Rann of Kutch Tawi flowing from Kailash Kund glacier to the Chenab Ravi flowing from Chamba in Himachal Pradesh to the Indus Chenab flowing from Bara Lacha pass to the Sutlej Jhelum flowing from Verinag to the district Jhang in a confluence with Chenab
Major Regional Festivals	Hemis festival – a Buddhist festival of Ladakh Urs also known as Ziarats – a Kashmiri Muslim festival Sindhu (Indus) Darshan, Amarnath Yatra
Major Art Forms	Basohli paintings, Kasida embroidery Music: Sufiana Kalam, Hafiz Nagma, Ladishah, Chakri Dance: Kud, Dumhal, Rouf, Bhand Pather
Industry	Sericulture (Silk Textile), Carpet Making, Horticulture (Apples, Cherries, Walnuts, etc.) Papier Mache, Manufacturing Sports Goods, Cement Industry
Minerals	Bauxite, Limestone, Coal
Agriculture	Paddy, wheat, fruit, saffron, cumin, etc.
Geographical indications	Kani shawl, Kashmir Pashmina, Kashmir Sozani Craft, Kashmir Papier Mache, Kashmir Walnut Wood Carving, Khatamband, Hand knotted carpet
State animal	Kashmir Stag
State bird	Black Necked Crane
State flower	Sacred Lotus (N. Nucifera)
Important historical sites	Harappan civilization – Manda, Akhnoor Burzahom (a hub of different cultures belonging to Periods I, II, III and IV, Neolithic, Megalithic and other Historical periods) Sun Temple at Kartanda, Caves and Temples of Bumzuva, Chakradhar Ancient Sites, Pambaran Ancient Site Remains
World heritage sites	—
Ramsar sites	Hokera Wetland, Surinsar-Mansar Lakes, Tsomoriri, Wular Lake – the largest freshwater lake in India
Biodiversity hotspots	—
Endemic bird areas	Western Himalaya
Bird sanctuaries	—
National parks	Dachigam National Park, KishtwarNational Park, City Forest or Salim National Park, Hemis National Park
Biosphere Reserve	Gulmarg Biosphere Reserve
Wildlife sanctuaries	Surinsar Mansar Wildlife Sanctuary, Nandini Wildlife Sanctuary, Overa Aru Wildlife, Sanctuary, Ram Nagar Rakha Wildlife Sanctuary, Hirapora Wildlife Sanctuary
Tiger reserve	—

Jammu and Kashmir

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