Notes For All Chapters – Kumarbharati English Class 9
Autumn
Warming Up Activities
Seasons and Changes in Nature:
- Examples: New grass grows, mist in the morning, tender leaves appear, sudden showers, migratory birds return, sun shines brighter, trees bloom.
- Task: Describe changes in Winter, Summer, and Monsoon using these and your own ideas.
Indian Seasons:
- Six seasons: Spring (Vasanta), Summer (Grishma), Monsoon (Varsha), Autumn (Sharad), Pre-Winter (Hemanta), Winter (Shishira).
- Autumn = Sharad (in Indian calendar).
- Changes in human life:
- Clothes: Light cotton in summer, warm wool in winter, raincoats in monsoon.
- Diet: Cool drinks in summer, hot soups in winter, spicy food in monsoon.
- Celebrations: Holi in spring, Diwali in autumn, Christmas in winter.
Personification Game:
- Fill blanks with: Sun, alarm, bird, car, wind, stars, machine.
- Examples: “The weary car was petrol-hungry,” “The playful wind whistled among trees.”
The Poem: Autumn by Kalidas
- Translated by: Prof. A. W. Ryder.
- Theme: Describes Autumn as a beautiful young girl (maiden) and nature’s charm during this season.
Stanza 1: Autumn During Daytime
Autumn is like a slim, graceful maiden.
She has:
- Rice stems in her hair (nodding as she moves).
- Lilies on her face (white and pure).
She wears flowers made of grass.
Birds sing happily to greet her, their cooing sounds like a bracelet’s tinkling.
Stanza 2: Autumn at Night
At night, Autumn wears:
- A crown (diadem) of many stars.
- A silk robe of white moonlight, free from clouds (cloudy bars).
Her face is the radiant moon with charming smiles.
She looks like a young girl (slender maid) who will soon grow into a woman.
Meanings of Key Words
- Slender: Slim, thin.
- Diadem: Crown.
- Bars: Patches (here, clouds blocking moonlight).
- Ruffles: Disturb a smooth surface.
Key Ideas
- Autumn as a Maiden Fair: Called a “maiden fair” because she’s young, slim, and beautiful, like a girl ready to grow up.
- Birds’ Cooing: Compared to the tinkling sound of a bracelet, soft and musical.
- Night Dress: Wears stars as a crown and moonlight as a silk robe, showing her beauty at night.
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