Question Answers For All Chapters – History Class 9
Exercise
1. Choose the correct option from the given options and complete the statements.
(1) The first open heart surgery under the leadership of Dr. N. Gopinathan was successfully performed in the city of (b) Vellore.
(2) Dr. Pramod Sethi is known as the father of the ‘Jaipur foot’.
2. Identify and write the wrong pair
(1) Dr N. Gopinathan–open heart surgery
(2) Ramchandra Sharma – a skilled craftsman
(3) Dr Subhash Mukhopadhyaya – test tube baby
(4) Dr Mohan Rao – polio
The incorrect pair is:
(4) Dr. Mohan Rao – polio
Dr. Mohan Rao is not specifically associated with polio.
3. Write short notes on
(1) The Institution of Family -The family is the primary unit of society where individuals learn cultural, social, and moral values. It provides emotional and financial support to its members.
(2) Jaipur Foot Technology – The Jaipur Foot is a prosthetic limb developed by Dr. Pramod Sethi and Ramchandra Sharma. It is lightweight, flexible, and affordable, providing mobility to disabled individuals, especially in developing countries.
(3) Urbanisation – Urbanisation refers to the growth of cities due to industrialization and migration. It leads to the expansion of infrastructure, housing, and employment opportunities but also creates challenges like overcrowding, pollution, and slums.
(4) Changing Economic Life – Economic life has changed due to industrialization, globalization, and technological advancements. People have moved from agricultural work to jobs in industries and services, improving living standards but also causing job displacement in rural areas.
4. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) The campaign for Pulse Polio Immunisation was taken up.
Polio is a disease that causes disability in children. To remove polio, the government started the Pulse Polio Immunisation Programme in 1995. This ensured all children under 5 received polio drops, helping India become polio-free.
(2) The Rural Water Supply Scheme was started.
Many villages in India lacked clean drinking water, causing diseases. To solve this, the government started the Rural Water Supply Scheme. This provided safe water to villages, improving health and reducing diseases.
5. Answer the following questions in detail.
(1) Which kinds of discrimination does the Constitution prohibit?
- The Indian Constitution prohibits discrimination based on religion, caste, gender, race, and birthplace. It gives equal rights to all citizens under Article 15. No one can be treated unfairly because of their social background.
(2) What is the aim of the social welfare programme?
- Social welfare programs help the poor and underprivileged by providing healthcare, education, and jobs. Schemes like mid-day meals and free medical services improve people’s lives. These programs reduce poverty and improve living conditions.
(3) What are the challenges facing rural development?
- Rural areas lack good roads, schools, hospitals, and jobs. Many villages do not have clean water or electricity, forcing people to migrate to cities. The government is working to improve rural life through various schemes.
6. Write a brief review of the significant events in the field of public health in India.
India has taken many steps to improve public health:
1950 – Started the National Malaria Eradication Programme to reduce malaria cases.
1978 – Adopted the “Health for All” policy under the Alma-Ata Declaration.
1985 – Launched the Universal Immunisation Programme to protect children from diseases like measles and tuberculosis.
1995 – Introduced the Pulse Polio Immunisation campaign to eradicate polio.
2005 – Started the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) to improve healthcare in villages.
2018 – Launched Ayushman Bharat, a program providing free medical treatment to the poor.
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