History Question Answers Chapter 4 Economic Development Class 9 Maharashtra Board

Question Answers For All Chapters – History Class 9

Exercise

1. (A) Choose the correct option

1. On 19th July 1969, (b) 14 major banks in India were nationalized.
2. (c) Indira Gandhi declared a 20-point programme.

1. (B) Identify and write the wrong pair

(1) Kavasaji Davar – Iron and Steel factory

(2) Dr Datta Samant – Leadership of mill workers

(3) N. M. Lokhande – Holiday for mill workers

(4) Narayan Survey – Depiction of lives of workers through poems

Wrong pair:

1. Kavasaji Davar – Iron and Steel factory (Correct: He established the first textile mill in India.)

2. Complete the activity as per given instruction.

(A) Complete the following chart.

2. (B) Write short notes

Mixed Economy:

• A mixed economy is a system that combines elements of both capitalism and socialism. In this system, private businesses and the government both participate in economic activities. India adopted a mixed economy after independence to balance economic growth with social welfare.

20-Point Programme:

• It was introduced by Indira Gandhi in 1975 to reduce poverty and improve the living conditions of people. The programme focused on land reforms, education, health, housing, employment, and protecting weaker sections of society.

3. (A) Explain the following statements with reasons

1. Independent India opted for a mixed economy:

• After independence, India needed economic growth while ensuring social justice. A mixed economy allowed both the private and public sectors to contribute to economic development.

2. Banks were nationalized in 1969:

• The government nationalized 14 banks to improve financial inclusion, provide loans to farmers and small industries, and reduce control of private business groups over banking.

3. Mill workers went on strike:

• In 1982, textile mill workers in Mumbai, led by Dr. Datta Samant, went on strike demanding higher wages and better working conditions. The strike lasted for months but did not succeed.

(B) Answer the following questions in detail.

1. Which programmes were started in the 8th five-year plan?

• The 8th five-year plan (1992-1997) focused on privatization, economic liberalization, employment generation, and infrastructure development. It introduced reforms to encourage foreign investment and reduce government control over industries.

2. Which projects were started in the 2nd five-year plan?

• The 2nd five-year plan (1956-1961) focused on industrialization. Major projects included the Bhilai, Rourkela, and Durgapur steel plants, expansion of railway networks, and hydroelectric projects like the Bhakra-Nangal Dam.