1. Introduction to Tea
- Tea is the most widely consumed beverage in the world after water.
- It is made by brewing the leaves of a plant called Camellia sinensis.
- The tea leaves are dried, cured, and processed before being packed and sold.
2. Tea Plant and Its Growth
- Tea plants grow in tropical and sub-tropical climates.
- They require 100-125 cm of rainfall per year and prefer acidic soil.
- The best tea estates are found on hilly slopes up to 1500 meters because tea plants grow slowly and acquire better flavor at high altitudes.
- The top 1-2 inches of the plant are picked, called flushes.
- Tea plants are pruned to a height of three feet to make plucking easier.
3. Types of Tea Based on Leaf Size
Tea is classified into three types:
- Assam Tea → Largest leaves
- China Tea → Smallest leaves
- Cambod Tea → Medium-sized leaves
4. Tea-Growing Regions in India
India has three major tea-growing regions, each producing a unique flavor:
- Darjeeling (Northeast India) → Light and fragrant tea
- Assam (Far Northeast India) → Strong and bold tea
- Nilgiris (South India) → Smooth and aromatic tea
5. Ingredients in Tea
- Tea contains theanine and caffeine, which give it a refreshing taste and stimulating effect.
- It has no carbohydrates, fat, or protein.
6. Legends About the Discovery of Tea
- Chinese Emperor Shennong accidentally discovered tea when leaves fell into his boiling water. He found the drink refreshing and healing.
- Bodhidharma, a Buddhist monk, used tea leaves to stay awake during meditation. He introduced tea to his disciples in China.
7. How Tea Spread Across the World
- Tea reached Japan, Europe, and England through traders and Buddhist priests.
- In China, Emperor Hui Tsung promoted tea research and tasting tournaments.
- The British introduced tea plantations in India in the 19th century.
- The first Indian tea from Assam was sent to England in 1838.
8. Health Benefits of Tea
- Tea contains antioxidants (flavonoids) that help reduce the risk of cancer and control blood pressure.
- It fights viruses and improves overall health.
9. Tea Culture in Different Countries
- China → Uses small clay teapots and fills cups halfway to symbolize friendship.
- Japan → Uses powdered green tea (matcha) in a tea ceremony.
- Russia → Tea is brewed in samovars (metal kettles).
- Vietnam → Popular for lotus and jasmine tea.
- India → Tea is offered as a sign of hospitality and often prepared with milk, sugar, ginger, or spices.
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