Questions Answers Class 8 Chapter 8 Geography Maharashtra Board

Questions Answers For All Chapters – Geography Class 8

Industries

Q. 1. Mark ✓ in the box next to the right alternative

(A) Which factor amongst those mentioned below does not directly impact industrial development?

(i) Water
(ii) Electricity
(iii) Labor
(iv) Air

Answer: (iv) Air – Air does not directly impact industrial development.

(B) Which of the following is a small industry?

(i) Machine parts
(ii) Book binding industry
(iii) Silk Industry
(iv) Sugar industry

Answer: (ii) Book binding industry – Book binding industry is a small industry.

(C) Which of the following cities is not an IT Centre?

(i) Old Delhi
(ii) New Delhi
(iii) Noida
(iv) Bengaluru

Answer: (i) Old Delhi – Old Delhi is not an IT Centre.

(D) An amount of 2% of the profits have to be utilized for which purpose by industries?

(i) Income Tax
(ii) Corporate Social Responsibility
(iii) Goods and Service Tax
(iv) Sales Tax

Answer: (ii) Corporate Social Responsibility – Industries must spend 2% of their profits on CSR if their profit exceeds 5 crores.

Q. 2. State whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the incorrect Statements.

(a) Small and medium industries of a country are harmful to heavy industries.

Answer: (a) False – Small and medium industries support heavy industries by providing necessary components and services.

(b) The level of industrialization is an indicator of the economic development of a country.

Answer: (b) True – The level of industrialization is an indicator of a country’s economic development.

(c) The aim of the industrial development corporations is to decentralize industrialization.

Answer: (c) True – The aim of industrial development corporations is to decentralize industrialization.

(d) Corporate social responsibility is compulsory for every industrialist.

Answer: (d) False – Corporate social responsibility is compulsory only for industries making profits above 5 crores.

Q. 3. Answer the following questions in three to four lines.

(a) What are the facilities provided by the government to industrial estates?

Answer:

The government provides the following facilities to industrial estates:

• Concessional rates for electricity, water, and taxes.
• Infrastructure like roads, drainage systems, and communication facilities.
• Assistance with land acquisition and licensing.

(b) Write in your own words how industrial development impacts national development.

Answer:

Industrial development improves national development by:

• Increasing employment opportunities.
• Boosting exports and foreign exchange reserves.
• Improving the standard of living and per capita income.

(c) Give your opinion in short on the usefulness of Corporate Social Responsibility.

Answer:

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is useful because:

• It improves the quality of life of the community.
• It supports education, health, and environmental development.
• Industries get tax rebates for CSR contributions.

(d) Mention three features of small industries.

Answer:

Three features of small industries are:

• Require less capital investment.
• Employ a small workforce.
• Often dependent on local resources.

Q. 4. Write detailed answers to the following questions.

(a) Explain the factors affecting industrial development.

Answer:

Factors affecting industrial development:

• Raw Material – Availability of raw materials is crucial.
• Water and Electricity – Essential for manufacturing processes.
• Labour – Availability of skilled and unskilled labour.
• Transport and Market – Proximity to markets and transport facilities reduces costs.
• Capital – Financial investment and availability of loans are important.

(b) State the advantages of the Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation.

Answer:

Advantages of Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC):

• Established to decentralize industries across Maharashtra.
• Provides infrastructure and essential facilities.
• Promotes employment opportunities for local people.
• Encourages the growth of auxiliary industries.

(c) Explain the importance of the I. T. Industry.

Answer:

Importance of the IT Industry:

• IT industry involves processing, analyzing, and presenting information using computers.
• India has a skilled workforce, contributing to its rapid growth.
• The development of software and data analysis has made India a global IT hub.

(d) Considering India’s population, the development of industries is a good solution to the problem of unemployment Explain.

Answer:

Development of industries as a solution to unemployment:

• Provides direct and indirect employment.
• Supports the growth of small and medium enterprises.
• Increases the standard of living and economic development.
• Reduces migration from rural areas to urban areas.

Q. 5. Prepare a flow chart for the following statements.

(a) The journey of clothes we use from the farm to ourselves.

Answer: 1.Cotton farming → 2. Harvesting → 3. Processing → 4. Weaving → 5. Dyeing → 6. Stitching → 7. Distribution → 8. Selling → 9. Wearing

(b) Essential factors for the location of any one industry.

Answer: 1. Raw material availability → 2. Water and electricity supply → 3. Labour availability → 4. Transport facilities → 5. Market proximity → 6. Capital availability

Q. 6. Highlight the differences.

(a) Medium industries – heavy industries

Answer:

(b) Agro based industries – Information Technology industries.

Answer: