Notes For All Chapters – General Science Class 6
Simple Machines
What are Machines?
- Machines help us do work easily and quickly.
- Some machines are simple machines, while others are complex machines.
Types of Simple Machines
1. Inclined Plane
A sloping surface used to move heavy objects easily.
Example: A ramp, staircase, slide.
A longer and gradual slope makes lifting easier.
2. Wedge
A sharp tool made by joining two inclined planes.
Used to cut or split objects.
Example: Knife, axe, chisel, needle.
3. Lever
A rod that moves around a fixed point (fulcrum).
It helps lift or move loads easily.
Types of Levers:
First Order: Fulcrum in the middle (e.g., Seesaw, Scissors, Crowbar).
Second Order: Load in the middle (e.g., Wheelbarrow, Nutcracker, Bottle Opener).
Third Order: Effort in the middle (e.g., Tongs, Tweezers, Fishing Rod).
4. Pulley
A wheel with a rope used to lift objects.
Example: Wells (to draw water), Crane, Flagpole wheel.
Helps pull things up with less effort.
5. Wheel and Axle
A wheel attached to a rod (axle).
Helps in moving things easily.
Example: Bicycle wheels, Car wheels, Door knobs.
Complex Machines
- Machines made of two or more simple machines.
- Example: Bicycle, Sewing machine, Crane.
Advantages of Using Machines
Reduces effort and makes work easier.
Saves time and energy.
Helps in lifting, cutting, and moving things.
Maintenance of Machines
Machines should be cleaned regularly.
Oil or grease should be used to reduce friction.
Machines should be covered when not in use.
Why are Machines Important?
- Help us in daily life.
- Save time and effort.
- Make work easier and faster.
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