Civics Notes Chapter 4 Urban Local Government Bodies Class 6 Maharashtra Board

1. What is an Urban Local Government?

• In cities and towns, the Urban Local Government manages public services.
• It looks after water supply, roads, sanitation, streetlights, and waste management.
• Urban Local Government is divided into three types:
  1. Nagar Panchayat (for small towns)
  2. Municipal Council (for medium-sized towns)
  3. Municipal Corporation (for big cities)

2. Nagar Panchayat (Town Council)

• Where it works: In small towns that are developing into cities.
• Who elects it: The people elect members every 5 years.
• Head: The President leads the Nagar Panchayat.
• Chief Officer: Appointed by the government to manage daily work.

Functions of Nagar Panchayat:

1. Provides clean drinking water.
2. Maintains roads, streetlights, and sanitation.
3. Manages waste disposal and public toilets.
4. Ensures primary education and healthcare.
5. Collects taxes for development.

3. Municipal Council (Nagar Parishad)

• Where it works: In medium-sized towns.
• Who elects it: People elect councilors every 5 years.
• Head: The President leads the council.
• Chief Officer: Manages the administration and ensures rules are followed.

Functions of Municipal Council:

1. Provides clean water and sanitation.
2. Maintains roads, gardens, and public spaces.
3. Builds schools, hospitals, and markets.
4. Controls pollution and cleanliness.
5. Collects property tax, water tax, and other charges.

4. Municipal Corporation (Mahanagar Palika)

• Where it works: In large cities with a high population.
• Who elects it: People elect corporators every 5 years.
• Head: The Mayor represents the city but has a ceremonial role.
• Municipal Commissioner: Appointed by the government to run daily administration.

Functions of Municipal Corporation:

1. Provides safe drinking water and electricity.
2. Maintains wide roads, flyovers, and public transport.
3. Manages hospitals, schools, and fire services.
4. Controls waste disposal and pollution.
5. Ensures law and order in the city.

5. Committees in a Municipal Corporation

• Health Committee – Looks after hospitals and sanitation.
• Education Committee – Manages schools and libraries.
• Transport Committee – Plans roads, buses, and traffic.
• Environment Committee – Controls pollution and waste disposal.

6. Sources of Income for Urban Local Bodies

• Taxes – Property tax, water tax, education tax, and market tax.
• Government Grants – Money from the State and Central Government.
• Fees and Fines – Collected from businesses and rule violations.

7. Importance of Reservation in Local Government

• Some seats are reserved for women, Scheduled Castes (SC), and Backward Classes.
• This ensures equal representation and fair decision-making.

8. Importance of Urban Local Government

• Keeps cities clean and organized.
• Provides basic services like water, electricity, and roads.
• Ensures proper healthcare, education, and public safety.
• Helps in city development and pollution control.