Important Questions For All Chapters – Political Science Class 12
The World since 1991
Short Questions
1. When did the Berlin Wall fall?
Answer : November 1989
2. What ended in 1991?
Answer : Cold War
3. Which country led the unipolar world?
Answer : United States
4. What event marked modern terrorism?
Answer : 9/11 attacks
5. Which country split into Czech Republic and Slovakia?
Answer : Czechoslovakia
6. What is a superpower?
Answer : A dominant state
7. What does SAARC stand for?
Answer : South Asian Association
8. When was the European Union formed?
Answer : 1992
9. What is the Eurozone?
Answer : Countries using Euro
10. What is soft power?
Answer : Influence without force
11. Which region gained importance after 1991?
Answer : Indo-Pacific
12. What is humanitarian intervention?
Answer : Protecting human rights
13. Which country emerged as an energy superpower?
Answer : Russia
14. What does BRICS stand for?
Answer : Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa
15. When was SCO founded?
Answer : 2001
Long Questions
1. What happened after the disintegration of the Soviet Union?
Answer : The Cold War ended, bipolarity collapsed, and new states emerged based on ethnic nationalism.
2. How did the United States become a unipolar power?
Answer : After the Soviet Union fell in 1991, the U.S. led globally in military and economic power with no major rival.
3. What changes occurred in terrorism after 9/11?
Answer : Terrorism became global, driven by ideology, targeting civilians, unlike earlier state-focused attacks.
4. Why did new states form after 1991?
Answer : Ethnic nationalism and the desire for self-determination led to countries like Ukraine and Eritrea becoming independent.
5. What is the role of the United Nations in peacekeeping?
Answer : The UN sends peacekeepers to conflict zones to stop wars, maintain peace, and protect human rights.
6. How did China challenge the unipolar world?
Answer : China’s rapid economic growth and projects like One Belt One Road increased its global influence.
7. What is the importance of regionalism in the post-Cold War era?
Answer : Regionalism grew as countries formed groups like EU and SAARC for trade, security, and cooperation.
8. What is the Schengen Area in Europe?
Answer : It’s a zone of 26 countries where people can travel freely without border checks.
9. How does the European Union work?
Answer : The EU runs through four bodies: Commission, Parliament, Council, and Court, handling laws and policies.
10. What role did India play in UN peacekeeping?
Answer : India sent forces to Cambodia and Somalia to restore peace, provide relief, and support refugees.
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